首页 > 读 文 > 高效能产品经理的七个习惯
2022
03-14

高效能产品经理的七个习惯

18年前,有一本书曾经火的不得了,就是《高效能人士的七个习惯》,作者是管理学大师史蒂芬·柯维(Stephen Richards Covey)。

这本书被福布斯评为“有史以来最具影响力的10大管理类书籍之一”。

我是在第一时间开始学习这本书的,当然,不是主动的,而是被动的。

04年的时候,做产品经理也才3年多,我们的直接老大-周总-为了提升我们这帮子除了知道“产品经理”这四个字,啥也不知道的家伙们的素养,算是下了狠功夫了,其中之一就是专门花了一周时间给我们讲这本书里的内容。

汗颜的是,我除了装模作样的记了一些笔记外,其实根本没记到脑袋里,毕竟我当时都没有多大的信心和意愿深耕这个领域。

但是造物弄人,多次有过的放弃想法最终还是没有执行,白驹过隙,一晃20年过去了。

在这20年里,其实一直有一个问题在困扰着我,就是面对纷繁的产品管理工作,如何做,才能让自己的工作既有效,又高效。

偶尔看到一篇文章,觉得能够解开我心中很多的疑惑,因此就拿出来和大家分享一下。

1. Highly Effective Product Managers Prioritize their Roadmaps According to Value (Not Features)

1、高效的产品经理根据价值(而非功能)来划分路线图的优先级。

As a product manager, your job is to solve problems for your users. The products you bring to the market are just vehicles to solve those problems.

作为一名产品经理,你的工作是为你的用户解决问题。你带到市场上的产品只是解决这些问题的工具。

Yet many product managers focus on the product they intend to build instead of on the problem they plan to solve. They develop their roadmap as a list of features, rather than using the roadmap to communicate the value they expect the product to deliver.

然而,许多产品经理关注的是他们想要构建的产品,而不是他们想要解决的问题。他们将路线图作为功能列表来开发,而不是使用路线图来传达他们的产品期望交付的价值。

This is a flawed approach, as Jim Semick explained in a webinar called The Feature-Less Roadmap, Jim cites several reasons effective product managers know to organize their roadmaps by themes and north-star metrics, particularly when developing a new product. For example:

正如Jim Semick在一次名为“无功能路线图””的网络研讨会上所解释的那样,基于功能列表的路线图是一种有缺陷的方法。Jim列举了一些高效的产品经理知道要根据主题和北极星指标来组织他们的路线图的原因,尤其是在开发新产品的时候。例如:

You will often be too optimistic about what your team can build in the time you have. Committing to complete a full feature before your release could delay your ability to deliver anything to the market. Delivering smaller items to the market, iteratively, and analyzing user feedback makes more sense.

你常常会过于乐观地认为,在你所拥有的时间内,你的团队能够完成什么。在发布前承诺完成一个完整的功能可能会延迟你向市场交付任何东西的能力。迭代地向市场提供较小的items并分析用户反馈更有意义。

Committing to developing features early on also makes it more difficult to change direction or focus when new realities demand it.

如果在早期就致力于开发功能,那么当新的现实需要改变方向或关注焦点时,就会变得更加困难。

You won’t know until after you’ve started delivering the first iterations of your product where you stand with users.

在开始交付产品的第一次迭代之前,您不会知道您与用户的关系。

For all of these reasons, and others you’ll hear about in the webinar, the panel agrees that it makes more sense to organize your roadmap around major strategic themes for your product.

基于以上这些原因,以及你将在网络研讨会上听到的其他原因,专家组一致认为,围绕产品的主要战略主题组织路线图更有意义。

老汤备注:

第一条习惯就是告诉产品经理:

1)能带给用户什么样的价值才是产品经理需要考虑的,而非新奇和充满了技术炫耀的功能;

2)无论是面向行动的,还是面向目标/主题的,或是面向对象的路线图,价值才是路线图(产品战略的呈现形式)的核心构建线索;

3)非功能型的路线图本质就是要求产品经理需要带领团队完成产品探索的过程,在不断学习用户知识的过程中完善产品。

根本一点:

产品经理要关注价值,而非功能,无论是战略,还是战术。


2. Highly Effective Product Managers Focus on Outcomes, not Outputs

2、高效的产品经理关注的是结果,而不是输出

This habit flows naturally from the first. Because effective product managers know their role is to solve problems for their users—and not just to release products—they do a better job of measuring the right things. For example, they focus on outcomes rather than outputs.

这个习惯从一开始就自然而然地形成了。因为高效的产品经理知道他们的角色是为他们的用户解决问题——而不仅仅是发布产品——他们在衡量正确的东西方面做得更好。例如,他们注重结果而不是输出。

Product management expert Melissa Perri explains in her book Escaping the Build Trap, many organizations get stuck in a flawed strategy of raising money, hiring developers, and then building their product. All before even validating their plan with the market.

产品管理专家Melissa Perri在她的书《逃离构建陷阱》中解释说,许多组织陷入了一个有缺陷的战略,即筹集资金,雇佣开发人员,然后构建他们的产品。这一切都发生在他们向市场验证计划之前。

Once the operation gets underway, and investors are asking for progress, the team is now focused more on producing a finished product (the output) than on whether or not that product will find a profitable market (the outcome). This is the build trap.

一旦操作开始,投资者要求进展,团队现在更关注的是生产一个成品(输出),而不是产品是否会找到一个有利可图的市场(结果)。这就是构建陷阱。

Effective product managers, Melissa argues, take a very different approach. They take the time needed to work with their user personas, explore their problems, listen to their concerns, and think of solutions. A customer-centric attitude is a habit every PM is well advised to develop.

梅丽莎认为,有效的产品经理会采取非常不同的方法。他们花时间处理用户角色,探索他们的问题,倾听他们的关注,并思考解决方案。以客户为中心的态度是每个产品经理都应该养成的习惯。

老汤备注:

第二条习惯就是告诉产品经理:

1)产品经理在整个管理过程中,应该把工作重心放到“做正确的事”上;

2)只有始终如一的确保“做正确的事”,才能在不同的阶段产出好的结果,而非只是知道“我们做了什么,产出了什么”;

3)要确保在“做正确的事”,唯一的方法就是“以客户为中心”,“以市场为驱动”,只有客户会告诉你什么才是他们想要的结果。

根本一点:

产品经理要始终把“客户从我们这里得到了什么”,而不是“我们做了什么”作为管理工作的出发点。


3. Effective PMs hone their leadership skills

3、高效的产品经理磨练他们的领导力

One of the quirks of product management is that you’ll need to guide people’s work but the authority to tell them what to do.

产品管理的怪异模式之一是,你需要指导人们的工作,但没有权力告诉他们该做什么。

The only way to do this successfully is to develop your skills as a leader. April Underwood, Slack’s Former CPO, explains in a LinkedIn video that being a strong leader can help even someone with no product management experience become an effective PM.

成功做到这一点的唯一方法是开发你的领导技能。Slack公司前首席产品官阿普丽尔•安德伍德在领英网站的一段视频中解释说,成为一名强大的领袖,甚至可以帮助一个没有产品管理经验的人成为一名有效的产品经理。

“One of the core attributes of a great product manager, at his or her core, is being a strong leader, being able to set a vision, being able to persuade people, and being able to motivate a team toward a shared outcome.”

“一名伟大产品经理的核心品质之一,就其核心而言,就是成为一名强大的领袖,能够设定愿景,能够说服人们,能够激励团队朝着一个共同的结果前进。”

老汤备注:

1)如何让你的产品的利益相关人信服你的愿景,跟随你的战略,最根本的途径是让他们相信你能做到,并且有清晰的路线图和值得他们去做的事情;

2)无论哪一级的产品经理,都要努力磨炼自己的软能力和巧能力,这才是领导力的核心;

3)战术级的产品经理更看重职业技能,而战略级的产品经理则更看重职业素养,前者易学,后者难教。

根本一点:

产品经理要努力成为产品的领袖,而不只是领导,领袖是自下而上的权力赋予,领导则是自上而下的权力下放。


4. Learn to Communicate with Everyone

4、学会与每个人交流

Success in product management requires communicating with many different people, departments, and stakeholders.

成功的产品管理需要与许多不同的人、部门和利益相关者进行沟通。

In addition to developers, sales reps, and executives each using their own jargon, you’ll also have to work with a wide range of personality types. Some coworkers will be aggressive, others shy, and hard to understand.

除了开发人员、销售代表和管理人员各自使用自己的行话外,你还必须与各种各样的个性类型打交道。有些同事会咄咄逼人,有些则很害羞,很难理解。

The variety of the role is why Joni Hoadley, Principal at Lean Product Management Consulting, believes PMs should learn about different personality types.

精益产品管理咨询公司(Lean Product Management Consulting)的负责人乔尼•霍德利(Joni Hoadley)认为,产品经理应该了解不同的性格类型,原因就在于他们所扮演角色的多样性。

There are several personality-type models and frameworks for your study. Understanding these different types, and how they each communicate, can help you become a more effective product manager.

你的研究有几种人格类型的模型和框架。了解这些不同的类型,以及他们之间的沟通方式,可以帮助你成为一名更有效的产品经理。

For example, when you can spot the signs that a person is what the “DISC” personality framework calls a “D” (decisive) type, you will know that this person’s communication style is direct, fast-paced, and impatient. When presenting a roadmap to this person, you will know to keep your discussion streamlined, fast-moving, and focused on high-level outcomes.

例如,当你能发现一个人是“DISC”人格框架所说的“D”型(果断型)的迹象时,你就会知道这个人的沟通风格是直接、快节奏和不耐烦。当向这个人展示路线图时,您将知道如何保持您的讨论的流线型,快速进行,并将重点放在高层次的结果上。

老汤备注:

1)世上最容易的事就是“交流”,因为它只是动动嘴的过程,但最难的事也是“交流”,因为你不知道交流的对象是个什么样的人,产品经理少则面对几十人,多则面对上百,甚至上千的,如何想,如何说,如何写,很难,很难;

2)了解所有和你打交道的人的脾气秉性,是实现良好交流效果的前提;

3)见人说人话,见鬼说鬼话,在某种程度上既是对我们交流能力提出的要求,同样也是衡量我们交流成果的标准。

根本一点:

脑瓜子,笔杆子,嘴皮子,产品经理的三大交流能力,想清楚,写下来,说出去,缺一不可,如果连话都说不了,你拿什么来推动产品的发展,一个好的产品经理,首先得成为一个优秀的演说家。


5. They’re Always Doing Product Discovery

5. 他们总是在做产品发现

Teresa Torres points out that many PMs view product discovery (deciding what to build) as only a small part of the process, and they want to get it over with in the earliest phases of planning a new initiative.

Teresa Torres指出,许多PM认为产品发现(决定构建什么)只是过程的一小部分,他们希望在计划新措施的早期阶段就完成它。

The product team shifts its focus exclusively to product delivery (building and shipping)—and they never look back at discovery.

产品团队将注意力完全转移到产品交付(构建和交付)上——他们从不回头看产品发现。

Doing so leaves out many opportunities, for a product team to check in with its original vision and ask itself if it is still on track. This, she explains, can help the team learn earlier in the process whether or not it is meeting its goals and delivering value.

这样做会遗漏很多机会,让产品团队检查其最初的愿景,并问问自己是否仍在正轨上。她解释说,这可以帮助团队在过程中更早地了解自己是否实现了目标并交付了价值。

Avoid fixating only on whether the team is meeting its goals for building and releasing products. Instead, it can continually ask questions that lead back to product discovery.

避免只关注团队是否实现了构建和发布产品的目标。相反,它可以不断地提出问题,使产品得以发现。

Questions such as:

问题可以包括:

Are we meeting stakeholder needs?

我们是否满足了利益相关人的需要?

Can customers use our product the way they want to?

客户能够以他们想要的方式使用我们的产品吗?

Do customers want what we’re developing?

客户想要我们正在开发的产品吗?

Effective product managers know they’re never “done” with product discovery. It should inform every stage of a product’s development and lifecycle.

有效的产品经理知道他们永远不会“结束”产品发现。它应该影响产品开发和生命周期的每个阶段。

老汤备注:

1)产品发现并不是一个阶段性的工作,而是贯穿整个产品周期阶段的工作;

2)产品发现不是简单的发现客户需要,而是和客户一起成长的过程,是学习客户知识的过程;

3)真正懂得了产品发现是什么,就知道MVP的核心价值是什么。

根本一点:

不是客户离不开我们,而是我们离不开客户,产品经理一定要分清楚主配角关系。


6. Highly Effective Product Managers Step Away from their Desks to Find the Big Idea (but Come Back for the Little Ones)

6. 高效的产品经理离开他们的办公桌去寻找伟大的想法(但回来寻找小的想法)

You won’t see this in your typical product manager job description. But according to Jason Fried, stepping out of the office and changing the scenery can be the best way to help a product manager summon a game-change idea.

你不会在典型的产品经理职位描述中看到这一点。但贾森•弗里德(Jason Fried)认为,走出办公室,改变环境,可能是帮助产品经理想出改变游戏规则主意的最佳方式。

Product professionals spend much of their time poring over the details: market research, usage data, development schedules, budgets, etc. It’s when they can step back, process all of this information, and clear their heads that inspiration can find them.

产品专业人士花费大量时间研究细节:市场研究、使用数据、开发进度、预算等。只有当他们能够退后一步,处理所有这些信息,并清理他们的头脑时,灵感才能找到他们。

For a PM, these little ideas could include UI fixes, a process tweak that could speed development, or general improvements to the product.

对于PM来说,这些小想法可能包括UI修复、可以加速开发的流程调整,或者对产品的一般性改进。

“You have the big idea somewhere else,” he says, “and then you come to work and work on the little ideas.” – Jason Fried, CEO, Basecamp

“你在别的地方有了伟大的想法,”他说,“然后你就开始为这些小想法工作。——Jason Fried, Basecamp公司首席执行官

老汤备注:

1)优秀的产品根本是来自于市场,而不是你聪明的脑袋;

2)穿上鞋,走出去,才能知道你的伟大想法到底靠不靠谱,工位又不是你女朋友,别经常黏在一起;

3)伟大的想法人人都有,但能把伟大的想法落地的却没有几个,千万别做心比天高,命比纸薄的产品经理。

根本一点:

作为一名产品经理,聪明不是第一位的,勤快才是,连客户和市场的真实情况是什么都不知道,你的聪明能有什么用武之地呢?


7. Highly Effective Product Managers are Always Learning

7、高效的产品经理总是在学习

Ellen Chisa, co-founder, and CEO of Dark acknowledges that “learn something new” could mean something different to everyone. To help you decide what to learn next, she offers these possible areas of focus:

Dark的联合创始人兼首席执行官艾伦·奇萨承认,“学习新东西”对每个人来说都有不同的意义。为了帮助你决定接下来要学习什么,她提供了一些可能的重点领域:

Figure out where you’re struggling now.

弄清楚你现在在哪里挣扎。

Determine where you or your company is going next.

确定你或你的公司下一步的发展方向。

Focus on something you’re curious about or something you think would be fun to learn next.

专注于你感兴趣的事情,或者你认为接下来会很有趣的事情。

Find a weakness and work on turning it into a strength (or at least something you’re no longer afraid to try).

找出你的缺点,并将其转化为优点(或者至少是你不再害怕尝试的东西)。

What’s great about this strategy is you can do it throughout your career. Tackle that learning project now. When you’re done, you can transition to studying something that will help you add to one of your strengths or just something that sounds like fun to learn.

这个战略的伟大之处在于,你可以在整个职业生涯中都这么做。现在就着手学习项目。当你完成之后,你可以过渡到学习一些可以帮助你增加自己优势的东西,或者只是一些听起来很有趣的东西。

老汤备注:

1)产品经理职业生涯的学习过程是这个样子的:困惑->方向->目标->学习;

2)学习是个先做加法,再做减法的过程,35岁之前努力做加法,35岁之后勇敢做减法;

3)做加法是本能,做减法是智慧。

根本一点:

要想在这条路上走的长,唯一能安身立命的就是不断精进,和同行学,和领导学,和团队成员学,和客户学,毕竟三人行,必有我师父和师娘。


总结一下

高效能产品经理的七个习惯是:

1、客户价值驱动产品战略,而不是功能驱动;

2、关注带给客户的结果,而不是你做出了什么;

3、真正让你成为优秀产品经理的是你的软能力和巧能力,而不是技术含量不高的硬能力;

4、把话说好,把话说对,把合适的话说给合适的人;

5、针对用户的关注和学习,永远在路上;

6、聪明能让你有伟大的想法,但勤快才能让你有伟大的产品;

7、始终保持学习的状态。


本文》有 0 条评论

留下一个回复